This product is made from full-grain calfskin leather sourced from a Gold-Rated tannery based in Arzignano, Italy. Being the highest level of recognition awarded by the Leather Working Group, a Gold rating signifies the leather manufacturer meets the most stringent criteria and demonstrates a strong commitment to mitigating its environmental impact. Full-Grain Leather Highly breathable, flexible and durable, full-grain calfskin leather holds its structure and will conform to the shape of your feet. Conditioned with shea butter and carnauba wax for suppleness and a deep color, a unique patina will develop over time. Vachetta Leather Lining A wholecut piece of soft Vachetta leather lines the interior of your shoes to smooth over any joints or seams. Its natural temperature regulating, moisture absorbing, odor controlling and breathability properties will also keep your feet fresh and comfortable. Leather Sole The soles are crafted from full-grain, veg-tan leather bends which give you an excellent balance between comfort and sturdiness. Robust yet flexible, this material is prized for its beauty, durability and practicality. It’s also easy to replace when needed. SBR Rubber Heel Caps Abrasion resistant SBR rubber heel caps give you extra traction, support and resilience. They’re attached with serrated brass tacks for extra reinforcement which add to the solid construction and longevity of the heel. (Shoe trees not included)